Fly infestations pose a significant challenge for poultry operations. Whether concentrated in a pit system, holding shed, or on a litter floor, poultry manure is an ideal medium for fly reproduction.Large fly populations can cause discomfort, stress, and fly biology and ecology decreased production in egg-laying chickens, pullets, and breeders. Flies also serve as a vector of both bird and human diseases. In extreme cases, failure to control flies may result in poor community relations or even litigation. Fly control and prevention is essential for success in the rearing and production of egglaying chickens.